Originality and Prior Publication

The submitted manuscript has not previously been published in substantially the same form, except where the work has appeared as:

• a preprint;
• an abstract or conference abstract;
• a published lecture or conference presentation;
• an academic thesis or dissertation;
• a registered research report; or
• another form permitted under the journal's prior-publication policy.

Any earlier dissemination of the work must be disclosed to the Editorial Team at the time of submission and appropriately cited in the manuscript.

Exclusive Submission

The manuscript is not currently under consideration, review, or publication by another journal or publisher.

Authors must not submit the same or substantially similar manuscript to another publication while it remains under consideration by Jurnal Hukum Saraswati (JHS).

Author Approval

All individuals listed as authors have:

• made an appropriate contribution to the work;
• reviewed and approved the submitted version of the manuscript;
• agreed to its submission to the journal; and
• accepted responsibility for the accuracy, integrity, and content of the work.

Institutional Approval

Where institutional, ethical, contractual, or regulatory approval is required, the authors confirm that the submission has been approved by the relevant authorities at the institution or institutions where the research was conducted.

Authors must be able to provide evidence of such approval when requested by the Editorial Team.

Publication Elsewhere

If the manuscript is accepted and published, it must not subsequently be presented as a new or original publication in another journal, language, or electronic format.

Authors may distribute, archive, translate, or republish the published work in accordance with the journal's Copyright Notice and the applicable Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, provided that the original publication in this journal is properly acknowledged.

Accuracy of Submission Information

Authors confirm that all information entered into the submission system—including author names, affiliations, email addresses, funding information, conflicts of interest, and manuscript metadata—is accurate and complete.

Ethical and Legal Compliance

Authors confirm that the manuscript complies with the journal's policies concerning:

• publication ethics;
• authorship and contributorship;
• plagiarism and duplicate publication;
• conflicts of interest;
• research ethics and informed consent;
• copyright and third-party permissions; and
• the use and disclosure of generative AI technologies.

Editorial Action

Incomplete, inaccurate, or misleading declarations may result in the manuscript being returned, rejected, withdrawn from consideration, corrected, or retracted in accordance with the journal's publication-ethics policies.