Determinants of Medication Adherence Intention in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Theory of Planned Behavior in Javanese Society

Fransiska Indah Pratiwi; Aris Widayati; Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi

doi:10.36733/medicamento.v12i1.12680

Authors

Fransiska Indah Pratiwi Universitas Sanata Dharma https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7178-7785
Aris Widayati Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4396-9706
Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5384-3595

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36733/medicamento.v12i1.12680

Keywords:

determinants, medication adherence, medication, Javanese society, type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) requires long-term therapy, which may reduce patients’ adherence to medication and ultimately lead to treatment failure.
Objective: This study aimed to analyze factors influencing medication adherence intention among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).
Methods: An analytical observational study with a cross-sectional design was conducted among patients diagnosed with T2DM in Purworejo Regency, Central Java. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using binary logistic regression in SPSS version 25. A total of 382 respondents were included in the analysis.
Results: Most participants were female, aged 55–65 years, employed, and had an elementary school education or equivalent. The proportion of respondents with high medication adherence intention was 85.9%. Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control jointly explained 53.6% of the variance in medication adherence intention. Among these variables, subjective norm demonstrated the strongest association with adherence intention (OR = 197.019; p < 0.001).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that social influence, particularly encouragement and support from family members and healthcare providers, plays a dominant role in shaping medication adherence intention within a collectivist socio-cultural setting. Integrating culturally sensitive, family-centered approaches into diabetes management programs may therefore strengthen adherence intention and improve long-term treatment outcomes among patients with T2DM.

Author Biographies

Fransiska Indah Pratiwi, Universitas Sanata Dharma

Faculty of Pharmacy

Aris Widayati, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences

Pramitha Esha Nirmala Dewi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Department of Pharmacy Profession, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences

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