Potensi Antiinflamasi 6-Gingerol dan 6-Shogaol dari Zingiber officinale: Bukti Ilmiah dan Relevansi Klinis

I Gede Pasek Winantara Putra; Putu Oka Samirana

doi:10.36733/usadha.v5i2.14993

Authors

I Gede Pasek Winantara Putra Program Studi Magister Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana, Denpasar, Bali, Indonesia
Putu Oka Samirana Program Studi Farmasi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Udayana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36733/usadha.v5i2.14993

Keywords:

Zingiber officinale, 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, anti-inflammatory, traditional medicine

Abstract

Zingiber officinale (ginger) is a medicinal plant widely used in traditional medicine and contains bioactive compounds, including 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol. This review aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of both compounds based on molecular, preclinical, and clinical evidence and to assess their relevance to the development of anti-inflammatory therapies. A narrative literature review was conducted using PubMed, Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and SpringerLink. The literature was searched using keywords related to Z. officinale, 6-gingerol, 6-shogaol, inflammation, anti-inflammatory mechanisms, and clinical evidence. Eligible literature comprised primary research articles and scientific reviews published in Indonesian or English between 2020 and August 2026 that were relevant to the review focus. In vitro evidence indicated that 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol modulated NF-κB, MAPK, and mTOR signaling pathways and reduced pro-inflammatory mediators. In vivo evidence supported their anti-inflammatory activity through regulation of inflammatory mediators, the NLRP3 inflammasome, and oxidative stress. Direct clinical evidence for the isolated compounds remains limited, with most human data derived from ginger preparations containing multiple constituents. Therefore, the anti-inflammatory potential of 6-gingerol and 6-shogaol is supported primarily by preclinical evidence, whereas their individual clinical efficacy requires confirmation through controlled clinical trials using standardized doses and formulations.

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