Kajian Etnofarmasi Kelompok Masyarakat Banjar Saraseda Tampaksiring Gianyar Bali

Ni Putu Puspita Wati; Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi; I Gede Made Suradnyana; I Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda; Erna  Cahyaningsih; Fitria Megawati

doi:10.36733/usadha.v2i3.7376

Authors

Ni Putu Puspita Wati a:1:{s:5:"id_ID";s:14:"UNMAS Denpasar";}
Ni Luh Kade Arman Anita Dewi Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
I Gede Made Suradnyana Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
I Putu Era Sandhi Kusuma Yuda Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
Erna Cahyaningsih Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar
Fitria Megawati Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Mahasaraswati Denpasar

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.36733/usadha.v2i3.7376

Keywords:

ethnopharmaceutical, medicinal plants, traditional medicine

Abstract

The use of ethnopharmaceutical practices remains widespread in Bali, as this knowledge has been passed down through generations. Although the Balinese people still strongly uphold their traditional healing systems and have long utilized plants as medicinal ingredients, there is still limited research documenting the diversity of plant species recorded in the Usadha manuscripts along with their therapeutic uses. This study aimed to inventory medicinal plants that are still used by the community in Banjar Saraseda, Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali. The study employed a descriptive design, with data collected through interviews to obtain information from respondents regarding local plant names, therapeutic uses/indications, parts of the plant utilized, and methods of preparation and application. The data were analyzed descriptively and presented in tables. Based on the ethnopharmacological survey conducted in Banjar Saraseda, Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali, a total of 20 medicinal plant species were recorded. The most frequently used plant parts were leaves (75%), followed by rhizomes (15%) and fruits (10%). The primary methods of preparation included boiling (65%), pounding (15%), grating, crushing, brewing, and direct use (each 5%). Based on therapeutic indications, the plants were mainly used to treat fever (20%), muscle pain and gout (20%), hypertension (20%), skin itching (10%), diabetes (10%), and to manage wounds, diarrhoea, haemorrhoids, and gastritis (each 5%). This study demonstrates that the Banjar Saraseda community in Tampaksiring, Gianyar, Bali continues to preserve traditional knowledge in the use of medicinal plants that has been inherited through generations.

References

[1] Ade Prasetya Y, Nisya K, Amanda R. Aktivitas nanoemulsi minyak lengkuas (Alpinia galanga [L] Willd) dalam menghambat Escherichia coli penghasil extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBLs). Seminar Nasional Pendidikan Biologi dan Saintek (SNPBS) ke-IV. 2019;2002:301–9.

[2] Adiputra N, Aman IGM, Bagus I, Manuaba P. The toxicity of antiviral plants used in Balinese traditional medicine. Bali Med J. 2017;6(2):243–6.

[3] Agustin F, Andriyanto, Manalu W. Eksplorasi dosis efektif ekstrak etanol daun kipahit sebagai antipiretik alami. Majalah Kedokteran Bandung. 2017;49(3):139–44.

[4] Amalia A, Sari I, Nursanty R. Aktivitas antibakteri ekstrak etil asetat daun sembung (Blumea balsamifera [L.] DC.) terhadap pertumbuhan bakteri Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Jurnal UIN Ar-Raniry. 2017;5(1):387–91.

[5] Anwar K, Santoso HB, Cahaya N. Penghambatan radang infusa daun dadap ayam (Erythrina variegata L.) pada mencit jantan yang diinduksi karagenin. Prosiding Semirata FMIPA Universitas Lampung. 2013;45–52.

[6] Azis A. Curcuma domestica Val sebagai obat antipiretik. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. 2019;6(2):116–20.

[7] Dhea Dani BY, Wahidah BF, Syaifudin A. Etnobotani tanaman kelor (Moringa oleifera Lam.) di Desa Kedungbulus Gembong Pati. Al-Hayat: Journal of Biology and Applied Biology. 2019 ;2(2):44–9.

[8] Faramayuda F, Julian S, Windyaswari AS, Mariani TS. Flavonoid pada tanaman kumis kucing (Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.). Mulawarman Pharmaceutical Conference. 2021;13(1):282–7.

[9] Ibrahim R, Rahayunigrum CD, Lesmana I. Pengaruh rebusan daun Orthosiphon aristatus terhadap kadar asam urat pada penderita gout arthritis. J Kesehatan Saintika Meditory. 2019;1(2):33–43.

[10] Ika D, Solikhati K, Istriningsih E, Slawi SB, Dhien CN. Aktivitas antihiperurisemia kombinasi ekstrak rimpang lengkuas (Alpinia galanga L.) dan allopurinol pada mencit putih jantan galur Swiss. Parapemikir: Jurnal Ilmiah Kesehatan. 2020;9(1):38–45.

[11] Irawati NAV. Antihypertensive effects of avocado leaf extract (Persea americana Mill). Majority. 2015;4:44–8.

[12] Maulidiah M, Winandari OP, Saputri DA. Pemanfaatan organ tumbuhan sebagai obat yang diolah secara tradisional di Kecamatan Kebun Tebu Kabupaten Lampung Barat. J Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan. 2020;7(2):443–7.

[13] Noventi WR, Carolia N. Potensi ekstrak daun sirih hijau (Piper betle L.) sebagai alternatif terapi Acne vulgaris. Jurnal Studi Pendidikan Dokter FK Universitas Lampung. 2016;5(1):140–6.

[14] Oktavaia GAE, Darma IDP, Sujarwo W. Studi etnobotani tumbuhan obat di kawasan sekitar Danau Buyan–Tamblingan, Bali. Buletin Kebun Raya. 2017;20(1):1–16.

[15] Oktoba Z. Studi etnofarmasi tanaman obat untuk perawatan dan penumbuh rambut pada beberapa daerah di Indonesia. Jurnal Jamu Indonesia. 2018 ;3(3).

[16] Oktofani LA, Suwandi JF. Potensi tanaman pepaya (Carica papaya) sebagai antihelmintik. Medical Journal of Lampung University. 2019;8(1):246–50.

[17] Pelokang CY, Koneri R, Katili D. Pemanfaatan tumbuhan obat tradisional oleh etnis Sangihe di Kepulauan Sangihe bagian selatan, Sulawesi Utara. Jurnal Bios Logos. 2018;8(2):45–56.

[18] Prastika N. Yoga Sastra: Laku mistik balian usada Bali. Dharmsmrti. 2017;17(2):11–9.

[19] Putri Pamungkas DO. Rendaman daun kelor terhadap nyeri sendi pada lansia. Jurnal Info Kesehatan. 2021;11(2):439–42.

[20] Rahardjo SS. Review tanaman sembung [Blumea balsamifera (L.)]. Proceeding of Mulawarman Pharmaceuticals Conferences. 2016 Apr;3(2):18–28.

[21] Ropiqa M, Rahman IR, Kurniawan H, Kurnianto E. Uji aktivitas antibakteri minyak atsiri kulit jeruk Pontianak (Citrus nobilis Lour. var. microcarpa) terhadap Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus mutans. J Syifa Sci Clin Res. 2023;5(1):7–12.

[22] Sambou CN. Tanaman herbal yang memiliki aktivitas antipiretik. Majalah Info Sains. 2022;3(2):81–5.

[23] Septriana M, Purnamasari N, Studiawan H. Allergic rhinitical therapy with acupuncture, legundi and temulawak herbs. J Vocational Health Studies. 2019;2(2):60–6.

[24] Seran W, Hana YW. Identifikasi jenis tanaman pewarna tenun ikat di Desa Kaliuda, Kecamatan Pahunga Lodu, Kabupaten Sumba Timur. Agrikan: J Agribisnis Perikanan. 2018;11(2):1–8.

[25] Sumekar DW, Tria A, Barawa P. Orthosiphon stamineus sebagai terapi herbal diabetes melitus. Medical Journal of Lampung University. 2016;5(9):28–32.

[26] Tangkumahat FG, Rorong JA, Fatimah F. Pengaruh pemberian ekstrak bunga dan daun pepaya (Carica papaya L.) terhadap kadar glukosa darah tikus wistar (Rattus norvegicus L.) yang hiperglikemik. J Ilmiah Sains. 2017;17(2):143–8.

[27] Widianti B, Hariyono D, Fajriani S. Studi pertumbuhan pada tiga jenis tanaman alpukat (Persea americana Mill). Plantropica: J Agric Sci. 2022;7(1):48–53.

[28] Yuan Shan C, Iskandar Y. Studi kandungan kimia dan aktivitas farmakologi tanaman kunyit (Curcuma longa L.). Jurnal Farmaka. 2018;16(2):547–55.