Awareness–Action Gap in Oral Health: The Relationship between Awareness and Caries Status, Periodontal Status, and Dental Visits among Prolanis Participants
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46862/interdental.v22i2.14459Keywords:
Oral health awareness, caries index, CPITN index, dental visit.Abstract
Introduction: Oral health awareness is considered an important factor in maintaining oral health and encouraging the utilization of dental services. However, awareness does not always translate into actual health-seeking behavior, particularly among individuals with chronic diseases. This study aimed to analyze the relationships among oral health awareness, dental caries experience, periodontal status, and dental attendance among participants in the Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis).
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 Prolanis participants. Oral health awareness was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Dental caries experience was measured using the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMF-T) index, while periodontal status was assessed using the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Data regarding dental attendance were collected through interviews. Spearman’s correlation analysis was performed at the p < 0.05 significance level.
Results and Discussion: Oral health awareness was significantly associated with dental caries experience and periodontal status (p value< 0.001). Participants with higher awareness tended to have lower DMF-T scores and better periodontal conditions. However, no significant association was found between oral health awareness and dental attendance. These findings indicate that awareness contributes to better oral health status but does not necessarily lead to routine utilization of dental services.
Conclusion: Oral health awareness was associated with dental caries experience and periodontal status but not with dental attendance among Prolanis participants. The findings suggest an awareness–action gap, suggesting that awareness alone may be insufficient to promote regular dental visits.
Downloads
References
1. World Health Organization. Oral Health; 2022. Available from: https://www.who.int/health- topics/oral-health#tab=tab_1
2. Hidayah N, Praptiwi YH, Sirait T, Putri MH. Gambaran tingkat pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut pada orang tua anak usia prasekolah. Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut. 2021;3(2):11-7. DOI:10.36086/jkgm.v3i2.844.
3. Ayuningtyas NF, Parmadiati AE, Mahdani FY, Marsetyo RI, Femilian A, Siregar M. The impact of community empowerment programs on oral health education for knowledge improvement in the elderly. Journal of Health and Allied Sciences NU. 2023;13(01):060–063. DOI:10.1055/s-0042-1748492.
4. Aisyah. Gambaran tingkat pengetahuan kebersihan gigi dan mulut dan kejadian karies pada ibu hamil di Puskesmas Tirawuta. Jurnal Kesehatan dan Kesehatan Gigi 2018; 1(2): 13–16. [Internet]. Available at: https://poltek-binahusada.e-journal.id/kesehatangigikendari
5. Fauziah R, Riolina A. Hubungan pengetahuan kesehatan gigi dan mulut terhadap indeks plak pada siswa kelas V SD Mendak 1 Delanggu. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi. 2017; 1(2). DOI:10.23917/jikg.v1i2.4877.
6. Retnowati D, Riolina A, Kurniawati D, Karyadi E. Dampak promosi kesehatan terhadap peningkatan perilaku kunjungan ke dokter gigi pada anak usia 6-12 tahun: Scoping Review. Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi). 2022;5(2):15-25. DOI:10.23917/jikg.v5i2.20529.
7. Amarasena N, Luzzi L, Brennan D. Effect of different frequencies of dental visits on dental caries and periodontal disease: A Scoping Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 2023;20(19):6858. DOI:10.3390/ijerph20196858.
8. Dörfer CE, Benz C, Aida J, Campard G. The relationship of oral health with general health and NCDs: a Brief Review. International Dental Journal. 2017;67(Suppl 2):14–18. DOI:10.1111/idj.12360.
9. Gading AN. Hubungan timbal balik antara penyakit sistemik dan kelainan rongga mulut pada lansia: Literature Review. Skripsi. Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Hasanuddin. Makassar; 2020. Available from: http://repository.unhas.ac.id/id/eprint/727/2/J011171324_skripsi_23-10-2020(FILEminimizer)_1-2.pdf
10. Wagle M, Acharya G, Basnet P, Trovik TA. Knowledge about preventive dentistry versus self-reported competence in providing preventive oral healthcare - a Study Among Nepalese Dentists. BMC Oral Health. 2017;17(76):1–7. DOI: 10.1186/s12903-017-0366-5.
11. Anindita L, Aris AK, Arcadia SJ. Laporan kasus: manifestasi oral penderita hipertensi berupa gingival enlargement. Stomatognathic-Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi. 2020;17(2):54. DOI: 10.19184/stoma.v17i2.25219.
12. Usman NA, Hernawan I. Tata laksana xerostomia oleh karena efek penggunaan amlodipine: Laporan kasus. Insisiva Dental Journal. 2017;6(2):15-23. DOI: 10.18196/di.6284.
13. Mokoginta R, Wowor V, Opod H. Pengaruh tingkat pendidikan masyarakat terhadap upaya pemeliharaan gigi tiruan di Kelurahan Upai, Kecamatan Kotamobagu Utara. Jurnal e-GiGi. 2016;4(2):222–228. DOI:10.35790/eg.4.2.2016.14158.
14. Widjaja A, Syaify A, Hendrawati. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha a potential therapeutic target for periodontitis and diabetes mellitus. Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi. 2023;19(2):148-57. DOI:10.46862/interdental.v19i2.7706.
15. Sung E, Hermawan E. Tatalaksana serostomia akibat penggunaan metformin: Laporan kasus (Management of metformin induced xerostomia: case report). Makassar Dental Journal. 2018;7(1):14–20. DOI:10.35856/mdj.v7i1.10.
16. BPJS Kesehatan. Panduan Praktis PROLANIS (Program Pengelolaan Penyakit Kronis). Jakarta: BPJS Kesehatan; 2014. p. 1–18.
17. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Badan Kebijakan Pembangunan Kesehatan. Survei Kesehatan Indonesia (SKI) 2023 Dalam Angka. Jakarta; 2023.
18. Utami S, Prasepti DI. Hubungan status karies gigi dengan oral health related quality of life pada mahasiswa. Incisiva Dental Journal. 2019;8(2):46-52. DOI:10.18196/di.8207.
19. Spolsky VW, Naik DG, Uppoor A. Epidemiology of Gingival and Periodontal Diseases. In: Newman MG, Takei HH, Klokkevold PR, Carranza FA, editors. Newman and Carranza's Clinical Periodontology Third South Asia Ed. India: Elsevier; 2019. p. 398-401.
20. Nazir M, Al-Ansari A, Al- Khalifa K, Alhareky M, Gaff M, Gaffar B, Almas K. Global prevalence of periodontal disease and lack of its surveillance. The Scientific World Journal. 2020;2020:2146160:1-8. DOI:10.1155/2020/2146160.
21. Kumar P, Mastan KMK, Chowdhary R, Shanmugam K. Oral manifestations in hypertensive patients: A clinical study. Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology. 2012;16(2):215–221. DOI: 10.4103/0973- 029X.99069.
22. Rahmawan D, Irawan R, Muga IFR, Septommy C. Hubungan status obesitas sentral dengan pengalaman karies (Indeks DMF-T) pada individu dewasa muda. Incisiva Dental Journal. 2021;10(2):51-57. DOI:10.18196/di.v10i2.12719.
23. Ryan RE, Cox A, Sayar R. What predicts the physical activity intention–behavior gap? A systematic review. Annals of Behavioral Medicine 2022;56(1):1–20. DOI:10.1093/abm/kaab044.
24. McNeil DW. Behavioural and cognitive-behavioural theories in oral health research: Current state and future directions. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2023;51(1):6-16. DOI:10.1111/cdoe.12840.
25. Åstrøm AN, Lie SA, Gülcan F. Applying the theory of planned behavior to self-report dental attendance in Norwegian adults through a structural equation modelling approach. BMC Oral Health. 2018;18(1):1-10. DOI:10.1186/s12903-018-0558-7.
26. Conner M, Norman P. Understanding the intention-behavior gap: The role of intention strength. Front. Psychol. 2022;13(923464):1-16. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.923464.
27. van Nes KA, van Loveren C, Luteijn MF, Slot DE. Health action process approach in oral health behaviour: Target interventions, constructs and groups-A systematic review. Int J Dent Hyg. 2023;21(1):59-76. DOI:10.1111/idh.12628.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Afina Hasnasari Heningtyas, Nadira Resya Nurhaliza, Rista Refdianti
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Every manuscript submitted to must observe the policy and terms set by the Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
- Publication rights to manuscript content published by the Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) is owned by the journal with the consent and approval of the author(s) concerned.
- Full texts of electronically published manuscripts can be accessed free of charge and used according to the license shown below.
