The Effect of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) Extract on the Number of Inflammatory Cells (Neutrophils and Macrophages) in the Gingivitis Model (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar Rat Model
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46862/interdental.v22i2.13384Keywords:
Aloe vera extract, gingivitis, inflammatory cellsAbstract
Introduction: Gingivitis is an inflammatory gingival disease associated with local factors, medication use, and malnutrition. Aloe vera (Aloe barbadensis Miller) contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, polyphenols, and steroids with potential anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to determine the effect of aloe vera extract at concentrations of 50%, 75%, and 100% on neutrophil and macrophage counts in a gingivitis model of male Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: This laboratory experimental study used a posttest randomized controlled group design involving 48 male Wistar rats divided into four groups: negative control and gingivitis groups treated with 50%, 75%, or 100% aloe vera extract. The extract was applied topically to the mandibular anterior gingiva twice daily for five days. Tissue samples were collected on days 3 and 5 and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests (p<0.05).
Results and Discussion: Topical aloe vera extract significantly reduced inflammatory neutrophil and macrophage counts (p<0.001). On day 5, mean neutrophil counts were 0.67, 0.17, and 0 cells/mm³ in the 50%, 75%, and 100% groups, respectively. Mean macrophage counts were 1, 0.3, and 0 cells/mm³, respectively.
Conclusion: Topical aloe vera extract demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity, with 75% and 100% concentrations being the most effective in reducing inflammatory cell counts in gingivitis.
Downloads
References
1. Tetan-el D, Adam AM, Jubhari, Hendra E. Gingival diseases: Plaque induced and non-plaque induced. Makassar Dental Jurnal. 2021;10(1):88-95. DOI: 10.35856/mdj.v10i1.394.
2. Safitri DN. Severity of gingivitis in pregnant women. Higeia Journal of Public Health Research and Development. 2020;4(3):470-479. DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093349.
3. Abdulkhaleq LA, Assi MA, Abdullah R, Saad MZ, Yap YH, Hezmee MN. The crucial roles of inflammatory mediators in inflammation: A review. Veterinary World. 2018;11(5):627-635. DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2018.627-635.
4. Yuslianti ER, Heryawan, Koswara T, Pragita T. Effectiveness anti-inflammatory extract gambir leaf ethanol (Uncaria gambir.roxb ) in reducing the number of inflammatory cells in Wistar rats with gingivitis: Experimental Laboratory. Journal of Dentistry Padjadjaran University. 2024;36(1):46-56. DOI:10.24198/jkg.v36i1.50120.
5. Rahmawati A, Pargaputri AF, S IK. The effect of giving brown algae extract of sargassum sp. on the number of macrophages in the healing process ulcer traumaticus. Denta Journal of Dentistry. 2018;12(1):72-81. DOI: 10.30649/denta.v12i1.163.
6. Puspaningrum EF, Hendari R, Mujayanto R. Extract Cymbopogon citratus and Eugenia aromaticum are effective for treating gingivitis. Odonto Dental Journal. 2015;2(2):47-51. DOI:10.30659/odj.2.2.47-51.
7. Fitri H, Fajrin FN, Kasuma N, Suharti, Netti. Effects of postpartum zinc administration scaling root planning on salivary MMP-8 Levels in gingivitis patients. B-Dent: Journal of Dentistry Baiturrahmah University. 2019;6(2):132-141. DOI:10.33854/jbd.v6i2.268.
8. Damanik DF, Monica Lubis YM, Meldawati. Antibacterial activity test of aloe vera extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pyogenes. Andalas Medical Journal. 2021;44(6):357-364. DOI: 10.25077/mka.v44.i6.p357-364.2021.
9. Falsianingrum M, Retnaningsih A, Feladita N. Effectiveness test anti-inflammatory in preparation Aloe Vera Ointment (Aloevera L) for male rabbits (Oryctolagias cuniculus). Journal of Analysts Pharmacy. 2023;8(1):90-102. DOI:10.33024/jaf.v8i1.9915.
10. Carolia N, Sukohar A. The effect of giving aloe vera extract at concentrations of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% on the number of macrophages in inflammation oral mucosa of male white rats Sprague Dawley. JK Unila. 2016;1(2):243-246.
11. Andri NR, Elyani H, Andriana D. Comparison of the effects of aloe vera (Aloe Vera L) juice with 10% povidone iodine on serum transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) levels and fibroblast cell count in cut skin tissue on the backs of male Wistar rats. Journal of Bio Complementary Medicine. 2019;6(3):1-11.
12. Sari AR, Tjandrakirana, Kuswanti N. The effect of aloe vera juice on the number of leukocytes in White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to Cigarette Smoke. LenteraBio. 2018;7(2):159-162. Available from: http://ejournal.unesa.ac.id/index.php/lenterabio
13. Federer WT. Experimental Design: Theory and Application. New York: Macmillan; 1955.
14. Khristian E, Inderiati D. Sitohistoteknologi. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2017.
15. Apriani, Andrianus, Marisca S, Diana P. Ez Prep Concentrate (Ez Prep) sebagai alternative reagen deparafinisasi pada pewarnasaan hematoksilin eosin. G-Tech: Jurnal Teknologi Terapan. 2023;7(1):96-102. DOI:10.33379/gtech.v7i1.1874.
16. Rahman FA, Sunarintyas S, Martien R, Syaify A. Gingival inflammation induction in pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats: A pilot study. BIO Web of Conferences. 2023;75(2003):1-5. DOI:10.1051/bioconf/20237502003.
17. Ricardo AN, Oktariana D, Peranan makrofag dalam penyembuhan luka oral. Jurnal Kesehatan Gigi dan Mulut (JKGM). 2024;6(1):6-11. DOI:10.36086/jkgm.v6i1.2066.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Netta Anggraini, Refika Ananta, Fauzia Nilam Orienty
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
- Every manuscript submitted to must observe the policy and terms set by the Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG)
- Publication rights to manuscript content published by the Interdental Jurnal Kedokteran Gigi (IJKG) is owned by the journal with the consent and approval of the author(s) concerned.
- Full texts of electronically published manuscripts can be accessed free of charge and used according to the license shown below.
