Survey of Dental Students' Knowledge Levels Regarding Gingival Pigmentation and Smoking Behavior

Authors

  • Desy Fidyawati Department of Periodontia, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo(B), Jakarta
  • Adrianus Wicaksono Department of Periodontia, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo(B), Jakarta
  • Mellynia Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Prof. Dr. Moestopo(B), Jakarta

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.46862/interdental.v21i2.10142

Keywords:

Gingiva, Gingival depigmentation, knowledge Pigmentation, Smoking

Abstract

Background: Aesthetics is an important aspect in the world of dentistry, and patients have high expectations for aesthetics to increase their self-confidence. Smokers have a high risk for periodontal disease, and smoking causes several abnormalities in the oral cavity, such as pigmentation of the oral cavity, which interferes with the aesthetics of the teeth. Good ability and knowledge are required to identify aesthetic needs. This need can be met by dental graduates. This study aims to determine the level of knowledge of clinical students at FKG UPDM (B) regarding gingival pigmentation to smoking behavior.

Material and Methods: This study employs a descriptive research design with a cross-sectional approach. Questionnaires with 10 research questions were distributed online to clinical students at FKG UPDM(B). 

Results and Discussion: Based on 100 professional students, consisting of 76 female students in the dental profession (76%) and male students in the dental profession 24 people (24%). This study shows that the knowledge of professional students at FKG UPDM (B), all respondents have good knowledge (89.0%).

Conclusion: This study shows that the knowledge of research subjects who are professional students at FKG UPDM (B) in general is in a good category (80%-89%)

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

1. Malhotra S, Khuller N, Sharma N, Basavaraj P. Gingival esthetics by depigmentation. J Indian Assoc Public Heal Dent 2011; 9(6): 611. Doi:10.4103/2319-5932.185321

2. Tetan-El D, Adam A., Jubhari H. Gingival diseases: plaque-induced and non-plaque induced. Makassar Dent J 2021; 10(1): 88-95. Doi: 10.35856/mdj.v10i1.394

3. Do JH, Takei HH, Carranza FA. Periodontal Examination and Diagnosis. In: Carranza. Thirteenth. Elsevier; 2019: 378-396. eBook ISBN: 9780323533232

4. Hassona Y, Sawair F, Al-karadsheh O, Scully C. Prevalence and clinical features of pigmented oral lesions. Int J Dermatol 2016; 55(9): 1005-1013. Doi:10.1111/ijd.13133

5. Feller L, Masilana A, Khammissa RAG, Altini M, Jadwat Y, Lemmer J. Melanin: The biophysiology of oral melanocytes and physiological oral pigmentation. Head Face Med 2014; 10(1): 8. Doi:10.1186/1746-160X-10-8

6. Araki S, Murata K, Ushio K, Sakai R. Dose-response relationship between tobacco consumption and melanin pigmentation in the attached gingiva. Arch Environ Health 1983; 38(6): 375-378. Doi:10.1080/00039896.1983.10545823

7. Hatch CL. Pigmented lesions of the oral cavity. Dent Clin North Am 2005; 49(1 SPEC.ISS.): 185-201. Doi:10.1016/j.cden.2004.07.013

8. WHO, GHO. Non-Age-Standardized Estimates of Current Tobacco Use, Tobacco Smoking and Cigarette Smoking (Tobacco Control: Monitor); 2024. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/gho-tobacco-control-monitor-current-tobaccouse-tobaccosmoking-cigarrettesmoking-nonagestd-tobnonagestdcurr

9. Hajifattahi F, Azarshab M, Haghgoo R, Lesan S. Evaluation of the relationship between passive smoking and oral pigmentation in children. J Dent (Tehran) 2010; 7(3): 119-123.

10. Roshna T, Nandakumar K. Anterior esthetic gingival depigmentation and crown lengthening: Report of a case. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005;6(3):139-147. Doi:10.5005/jcdp-6-3-139

11. Bhanu Murthy M, Kaur J, Das R. Treatment of gingival hyperpigmentation with rotary abrasive, scalpel, and laser techniques: A case series. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2012; 16(4): 614-619. Doi:10.4103/0972-124X.106933

12. Liébart M, Fouque-Deruelle C, Santini A, et al. Smile line and periodontium visibility. Periodontal Pract today 2001; 1(1981): 17-25.

13. Arikunto S. Prosedur Penelitian Praktek. Rineka Cipta; 2002.

14. Notoatmodjo. Kesehatan Masyarakat Ilmu Dan Seni. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta; 2007.

15. Widhani FDP, Nosartika I, Kusuma IA, Prabowo YB. Relationship between knowledge of periodontal disease and gingival melanin pigmentation and smoking behavior. e-GiGi 2022; 10(1): 24. Doi:10.35790/eg.v10i1.37333

16. Faruchi AG, Komara I, Pribadi IMS. Prevalensi hiperpigmentasi gingiva pada pasien perokok di klinik periodonsia Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut. Padjadjaran J Dent Res Student 2018; 2(1): 1-5. Doi: 10.24198/pjdrs.v3i1.22304.

17. Abdel Moneim RA, El Deeb M, Rabea AA. Gingival pigmentation (cause, treatment and histological preview). Futur Dent J. 2017;3(1):1-7. Doi:10.1016/j.fdj.2017.04.002

18. Multani S. Interrelationship of smoking, lip and gingival melanin pigmentation, and periodontal status. Addict Heal. 2013;5(1-2):57-65. PMCID: PMC3905564

19. Tadakamadla J, Kumar S, Nagori A, Tibdewal H, Duraiswamy P, Kulkarni S. Effect of smoking on oral pigmentation and its relationship with periodontal status. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9(7 SUPPL.1): 112-114. Doi:10.4103/1735-3327.107950

20. Salma Rosa H, Josephine H, Wijayanti I, Anggara Putranto R. Penatalaksanaan depigmentasi gingiva fisiologis dengan teknik sederhana (laporan kasus). J Kedokt Gigi Terpadu 2021; 2(2). Doi:10.25105/jkgt.v2i2.8778

21. Ryan M, Krismariono A. Gingival scraping untuk depigmentasi gingiva. Maj Kedokt Gigi Klin 2018; 2(March): 1-5. Doi: 10.22146/mkgk.33762

22. Zarra ACP, Utami ND. Gambaran pasien dengan smoker’s melanosis beserta perawatannya. Mulawarman Dent J 2023; 3(1): 7-18. Doi:10.30872/MOLAR.v3i1.7466

23. Gartner LP. Oral anatomy and tissue types. Semin Dermatol 1994; 13(2): 68-73.

Downloads

Published

2025-08-05

How to Cite

1.
Fidyawati D, Wicaksono A, Mellynia. Survey of Dental Students’ Knowledge Levels Regarding Gingival Pigmentation and Smoking Behavior. interdental [Internet]. 2025 Aug. 5 [cited 2025 Aug. 8];21(2):204-11. Available from: https://e-journal.unmas.ac.id/index.php/interdental/article/view/10142