PERTANGGUNGJAWABAN ADMINISTRATIF PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN HIDUP BERBASIS PARTISIPASI MASYARAKAT UNTUK PEMBANGUNAN BERKELANJUTAN DI BALI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36733/jhshs.v3i2.2950Kata Kunci:
Accountability, community, environment, law enforcement, Pertanggungjawaban, masyarakat, lingkungan, penegakan hukumAbstrak
A good and healthy environment is a human right of every Indonesian citizen as mandated in Article 28H of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. Indiscriminate environmental management contributes to the deterioration of the quality of the environment, therefore it is necessary to increase environmental protection and management. The protection and sustainable management of the environment is the responsibility of the government and the community. The government's responsibility in protecting and managing the environment is a function of public services, to ensure that all residents have a good and healthy environment. Then the government can be held accountable, both administratively, civilly and criminally when the government neglects to carry out its obligations that are not in accordance with the aspirations of the community. This research is qualified as a normative legal research by applying several types of approaches, namely, a statutory approach, a conceptual approach, a philosophical approach, a historical approach, a comparative approach, a case approach including a cultural approach based on local community wisdom. Therefore, this study aims to find philosophical and theoretical thoughts based on local wisdom about the nature of integrating community aspirations in the enforcement of Environmental Law both in administrative law, civil law and criminal law.
The results of the study show that environmental protection and management is an effort to carry out responsibilities, which is very difficult, resulting in a decrease in the quality of the environment. Therefore, law enforcement is to make improvements to the applicable rules through the politics of normative legislation, then followed by administrative law enforcement. However, participatory environmental enforcement by integrating the values that develop in the community in protecting and preserving the environment is an ideal form to protect and manage the environment wisely to realize sustainable regional development.
Lingkungan hidup yang baik dan sehat merupakan hak asasi setiap warganegara Indonesia sebagaimana diamanatkan dalam Pasal 28H UUD RI 1945. Pengelolaan lingkungan yang kurang bijaksana turut memperparah penurunan kwalitas lingkungan hidup karena itu perlu dilakukan peningkatan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan yang berkelanjutan merupakan tanggungjawab pemerintah beserta masyarakat. Pertanggungjawaban pemerintah dalam melakukan perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup merupakan fungsi pelayanan public, untuk menjamin seluruh penduduk mendapatkan lingkungan yang baik dan sehat. Maka pemerintah dapat diminta pertanggungjawabannya, baik secara administrative, perdata maupun pidana mana kala pemerintah lalai melaksanakan kewajibannya yang tidak sesuai dengan aspirasi masyarakat. Penelitian ini dikualifikasikan sebagai penelitian hukum normatif dengan menerapkan beberapa jenis pendekatan yaitu, pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual, pendekatan filsafat, pendekatan sejarah, pendekatan perbandingan, pendekatan kasus termasuk pula pendekatan budaya atas dasar kearifan masyarakat lokal. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan menemukan pemikiran filosofis dan teoritis berbasis kearifan lokal tentang hakikat pengintegrasian aspirasi masyarakat dalam penegakan Hukum Lingkungan baik secara hukum administratif, hukum perdata maupun hukum pidana.
Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup adalah upaya mengemban tanggungjawab sangat sulit sehingga mengakibatkan terjadinya penurunan kwalitas lingkungan hidup makin nyata. Oleh karenanya maka penegakan hukum adalah melakukan penyempurnaan terhadap aturan yang berlaku melalui politik legislasi penormaan selanjutnya baru diikuti penegakan hukum administrasif. Namun demikian penegakan lingkungan partisipatif dengan mengintegrasikan nilai-nilai yang berkembang di masyarakat dalam menjaga dan melestarikan lingkungan adalah suatu bentuk idial untuk melindungi dan melakukan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup secara bijaksana untuk mewujudkan pembangunan daerah yang berkelanjutan.
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