ANALISIS PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN MASSA BIOCHAR PADA ADSORPSI ION FOSFAT (PO43-) DALAM AIR LIMBAH SINTETIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36733/jeco.v5i1.9858Keywords:
Adsorpsi, Biochar, Fosfat, Air Limbah SintetisAbstract
Fosfat berlebih (PO₄³⁻) dalam air limbah dapat menyebabkan eutrofikasi yang mengancam kehidupan akuatik. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi efektivitas biochar yang dibuat dari limbah upacara dan kulit durian dalam menurunkan kadar fosfat dalam air limbah sintetis. Biochar diaktifkan dengan ion Mg²⁺, dan dilakukan analisis untuk mengukur laju serta kapasitas adsorpsi agar sesuai dengan standar kualitas air pemerintah, yaitu maksimal 0,2 mg/L fosfat. Biochar diproduksi melalui proses pirolisis pada suhu 400–700 °C dan kemudian diaktifkan dengan perendaman dalam larutan MgCl₂ 1 M selama 24 jam. Pengujian adsorpsi dilakukan dalam reaktor dengan kondisi eksperimental yang terkontrol menggunakan variasi jumlah biochar. Tujuan utama pengujian ini adalah untuk menilai apakah peningkatan atau penurunan jumlah biochar akan mempengaruhi penurunan kadar fosfat dalam air limbah sintetis. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa biochar yang diaktifkan dengan MgCl₂ pada pH 9 paling efektif dalam menurunkan konsentrasi fosfat. Penambahan biochar hingga 0,5 g menghasilkan penurunan fosfat sebesar 74,32 mg/L (29,06%).
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